Geodesic
On a semigroup of Marcinkiewicz modulars with involution
Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Investigations on linear operators and function theory. Part 32, Tome 315 (2004), pp. 121-131 
A. A. Mekler. On a semigroup of Marcinkiewicz modulars with involution. Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Investigations on linear operators and function theory. Part 32, Tome 315 (2004), pp. 121-131. http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/ZNSL_2004_315_a8/
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     title = {On a~semigroup of {Marcinkiewicz} modulars with involution},
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     url = {http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/ZNSL_2004_315_a8/}
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Voir la notice du chapitre de livre provenant de la source Math-Net.Ru

The set $\mathbf{M}$ of all concave Marcinkiewicz modulars on $[0,1]$ is a semigroup with respect to the usual composition of functions. It is established that some properties of modulars (which are of importance in interpolation and in general Banach space theory) distinguish subsets of $\mathbf{M}$ that form ideals of the semigroup. These ideals turn out to be in a natural duality relation, which is also studied.

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