Geodesic
Ricerche cariologiche ed elettroforetiche su Parascaris univalens e Parascaris equorum
Atti della Accademia nazionale dei Lincei. Rendiconti della Classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche e naturali, Série 8, Tome 65 (1978) no. 3-4, pp. 151-156 
Bullini, Luciano; Nascetti, Giuseppe; Carrè, Stefania; Rumore, Fina; Biocca, Ettore. Ricerche cariologiche ed elettroforetiche su Parascaris univalens e Parascaris equorum. Atti della Accademia nazionale dei Lincei. Rendiconti della Classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche e naturali, Série 8, Tome 65 (1978) no. 3-4, pp. 151-156. http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/RLINA_1978_8_65_3-4_a11/
@article{RLINA_1978_8_65_3-4_a11,
     author = {Bullini, Luciano and Nascetti, Giuseppe and Carr\`e, Stefania and Rumore, Fina and Biocca, Ettore},
     title = {Ricerche cariologiche ed elettroforetiche su {Parascaris} univalens e {Parascaris} equorum},
     journal = {Atti della Accademia nazionale dei Lincei. Rendiconti della Classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche e naturali},
     pages = {151--156},
     year = {1978},
     volume = {Ser. 8, 65},
     number = {3-4},
     language = {it},
     url = {http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/RLINA_1978_8_65_3-4_a11/}
}
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bullini, Luciano
AU  - Nascetti, Giuseppe
AU  - Carrè, Stefania
AU  - Rumore, Fina
AU  - Biocca, Ettore
TI  - Ricerche cariologiche ed elettroforetiche su Parascaris univalens e Parascaris equorum
JO  - Atti della Accademia nazionale dei Lincei. Rendiconti della Classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche e naturali
PY  - 1978
SP  - 151
EP  - 156
VL  - 65
IS  - 3-4
UR  - http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/RLINA_1978_8_65_3-4_a11/
LA  - it
ID  - RLINA_1978_8_65_3-4_a11
ER  - 
%0 Journal Article
%A Bullini, Luciano
%A Nascetti, Giuseppe
%A Carrè, Stefania
%A Rumore, Fina
%A Biocca, Ettore
%T Ricerche cariologiche ed elettroforetiche su Parascaris univalens e Parascaris equorum
%J Atti della Accademia nazionale dei Lincei. Rendiconti della Classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche e naturali
%D 1978
%P 151-156
%V 65
%N 3-4
%U http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/RLINA_1978_8_65_3-4_a11/
%G it
%F RLINA_1978_8_65_3-4_a11

Voir la notice de l'article provenant de la source Biblioteca Digitale Italiana di Matematica

The karyotypes of the two sibling species Parascaris equorum and P. univalens are illustrated, as well as their chromosome morphology. The chromosomes are characterized by heteropycnotic extremities and the absence of a well-defined centromerical zone. Furthermore in P. equorum one chromosome pair appears distinctly longer than the other, which would exclude the evolution of this species by a simple process of tetraploidization; this is also ruled out by the electrophoretic data. The electrophoretic study of 27 enzyme loci in the two species has shown: 1) only two of these loci (Pgm and Est-1) are polymorphic according to the 1% criterion; 2) 22 loci out of 27 have fixed alternative alleles in the two species (Aldo, Est-2, Est-3, G-6-pdh, G-3-pdh, $\alpha$-Gpdh, Idh-1, Idh-2, Ldh, Odh, 6-Pgdh, Sdh, Xdh, Hk-1, Adk-1, Adk-2, Phi, Tpi, Got-1, Got—2, Me and Sod-1); 3) the Pgm locus polymorphic in both species, presents the $Pgm^{1.00}$ allele with a frequency of 95,07% in P. univalens, whilst in P. equorum the most common allele is $Pgm^{1.10}$ with a frequency of 89.66; 4) the observed mean heterozygosity per locus is very low: 0.88 % for P. equorum and 1.52% for P. univalens; 5) out of the 2238 specimens electrophoretically examined 2092 were identified as P. univalens, 127 as P. equorum, while 19 (1 male and 18 females) were hybrids; the hybrids were heterozygous at all loci fixed for alternative alleles in P. univalens and P. equorum and presented both the alleles characteristic of the two species; 6) in spite of the presence of natural hybrids electrophoretic data show no gene flow between the two species; 7) the genetic distance (D) between the two species, calculated with the Nei index, is 1.939 (genetic identity (I) = 0.144); such a high genetic distance was never before recorded for sibling species; it indicates that P. equorum and P. univalens are the product of a very ancient process of speciation which has affected a large part of the genoma.

[1] F. J. Ayala, J. R. Powell, M. L. Tracey, C. A. Mourão e S. Perez-Salas (1972) - Enzyme variability in the Drosophila willistoni group. IV. Genic variation in natural population of Drosophila willistoni. «Genetics», 70, 113-139.

[2] F. J. Ayala (1975) - Genetic differentiation during the speciation process. «Evolutionary Biology», 8, 1-78.

[3] K. Bonnevie (1912) - Über die Struktur und Genese der Ascaris Chromosomen. «Arch. Zellforsch.», 9, 433-457.

[4] E. Biocca, G. Nascetti, A. Iori, R. Costantini e L. Bullini (1978) - Descrizione di Parascaris univalens, parassita degli equini e suo differenziamento da Parascaris equorum, «Acc. Naz. Lincei, Rend. Cl. Sc. Fis., Mat. e Nat.», 65, 133-140.

[5] Th. Boveri (1887) - Über Differenzierung der Zellkerne während der Fürchung des Eies von Ascaris megalocephala. «Anat. Anz.», 2, 688-693.

[6] Th. Boveri (1888) - «Zellenstudien», 2, Fischer. Jena.

[7] Th. Boveri (1892) - Über die Entstehung des Gegensatzes zwischen den Geschlechtszellen und den somatischen Zellen bei Ascaris megalocephala, «S. B. Ges. Morph. Phisiol. Münch.», 8, 114-125.

[8] Th. Boveri (1909) - Die Blastomerenkerne von Ascaris megalocephala und die Theorie der Chromosomenindividualität. «Arch. Zellforsch.», 5, 181-268.

[9] A. Brauer (1893) - Zur Kenntniss der Spermatogenese von Ascaris. «Arch. mikr. Anat.», 42, 153-213.

[10] G. J. Brewer (1970) - An Introduction to Isozyme Techniques. Academic Press, New York.

[11] O. Hertwig (1890) - Vergleich der Ei- und Samenbildung bei Nematoden. Eine Grundlage für cellulare Streitfragen. «Arch. mirk. Anat.», 36, 1-138.

[12] M. Nei (1972) - Genetic distance between populations. «Amer. Natur.», 106, 283-292.

[13] M. Nei (1975) - Molecular Populations Genetics and Evolution, North-Holland, American Elsevier, Amsterdam-New York.

[14] R. K. Selander, M. H. Smith, S. Y. Yang, W. E. Johnson e J. B. Gentry (1971) - Biochemical polymorphism in the genus Peromyscus. I. Variation of the old-field mouse (Peromyscus polionotus). Studies in Genet., Univ. Texas publ. N. 7103, 49-90.

[15] C. R. Shaw e A.L. Koen (1968) - Starch gel zone electrophoresis of enzymes. In: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Techniques Vol. 2, 2nd ed., I. Smith e J. Wiley editors, New York.

[16] Teh Ping Lin (1954) - The chromosomal cycle in Parascaris equorum (Ascaris megalocephala): oogenesis and diminution. «Chromosoma», 6, 175-198.