The Cycles of the Multiway Perfect Shuffle Permutation
Discrete mathematics & theoretical computer science, Tome 5 (2002).

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The (k,n)-perfect shuffle, a generalisation of the 2-way perfect shuffle, cuts a deck of kn cards into k equal size decks and interleaves them perfectly with the first card of the last deck at the top, the first card of the second-to-last deck as the second card, and so on. It is formally defined to be the permutation ρ _k,n: i → ki \bmod (kn+1), for 1 ≤ i ≤ kn. We uncover the cycle structure of the (k,n)-perfect shuffle permutation by a group-theoretic analysis and show how to compute representative elements from its cycles by an algorithm using O(kn) time and O((\log kn)^2) space. Consequently it is possible to realise the (k,n)-perfect shuffle via an in-place, linear-time algorithm. Algorithms that accomplish this for the 2-way shuffle have already been demonstrated.
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     title = {The {Cycles} of the {Multiway} {Perfect} {Shuffle} {Permutation}},
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Ellis, John; Fan, Hongbing; Shallit, Jeffrey. The Cycles of the Multiway Perfect Shuffle Permutation. Discrete mathematics & theoretical computer science, Tome 5 (2002). doi : 10.46298/dmtcs.308. http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/articles/10.46298/dmtcs.308/

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