Geodesic
Which Abelian Groups Can be Fundamental Groups of Regions in Euclidean Spaces?
Canadian journal of mathematics, Tome 26 (1974) no. 1, pp. 7-18

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It is known that there are a lot of properties of the group of a knot in S 3 which fail to generalize to the group of a knotted sphere in S 4; among them are included Dehn's lemma, Hopf's conjecture, and the aspherity of knots. In this paper, we shall investigate the properties of the fundamental groups of regions in S 3 and in S 4, with examples to show that they are not quite the same. Some special consideration will be given to regions that are the complements in S 3 or in S 4 of a finite number of tamely imbedded manifolds of co-dimension 2, and, more generally, to regions that are the complements of subcomplexes in S 3 or in S 4. 
Chang, Bai Ching. Which Abelian Groups Can be Fundamental Groups of Regions in Euclidean Spaces?. Canadian journal of mathematics, Tome 26 (1974) no. 1, pp. 7-18. doi: 10.4153/CJM-1974-002-4
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