The Generalized Kulikov Criterion
Canadian journal of mathematics, Tome 21 (1969) no. 1, pp. 1192-1205

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In 1941, Kulikov (5) showed that a p-primary abelian group G is a direct sum of cyclic groups if and only if G is the union of an ascending sequence of subgroups each of which has a finite bound on the heights of its elements. An easy reformulation of the Kulikov criterion is: A p-primary abelian group G is a direct sum of cyclic groups if and only if G[p] = ⴲn <ω Sn where, for each n, the non-zero elements of Sn have precisely height n. This statement suggests the consideration of reduced p-groups G such that G[p] = ⴲa <λ Sα where, for each α, S α – {0} ⊆ pαG – pα +l G. We shall call such p-groups summable (the term principal p-group has been used by Honda (4)). Recall that the length of a reduced p-group G is the first ordinal λ such that pλG = 0.
Megibben, Charles. The Generalized Kulikov Criterion. Canadian journal of mathematics, Tome 21 (1969) no. 1, pp. 1192-1205. doi: 10.4153/CJM-1969-132-9
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