Mordell–Weil ranks of families of elliptic curves associated to Pythagorean triples

Bartosz Naskręcki¹

¹ Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Adam Mickiewicz University 61-614 Poznań, Poland

Acta Arithmetica, Tome 160 (2013) no. 2, pp. 159-183.

Résumé

We study the family of elliptic curves $y^2=x(x-a^2)(x-b^2)$ parametrized by Pythagorean triples $(a,b,c)$. We prove that for a generic triple the lower bound of the rank of the Mordell–Weil group over $\mathbb {Q}$ is $1$, and for some explicitly given infinite family the rank is $2$. To each family we attach an elliptic surface fibered over the projective line. We show that the lower bounds for the rank are optimal, in the sense that for each generic fiber of such an elliptic surface its corresponding Mordell–Weil group over the function field $\mathbb {Q}(t)$ has rank $1$ or $2$, respectively. In order to prove this, we compute the characteristic polynomials of the Frobenius automorphisms acting on the second $\ell $-adic cohomology groups attached to elliptic surfaces of Kodaira dimensions $0$ and $1$.

Détail

DOI : 10.4064/aa160-2-5

Keywords: study family elliptic curves x a x b parametrized pythagorean triples prove generic triple lower bound rank mordell weil group mathbb explicitly given infinite family rank each family attach elliptic surface fibered projective line lower bounds rank optimal sense each generic fiber elliptic surface its corresponding mordell weil group function field mathbb has rank respectively order prove compute characteristic polynomials frobenius automorphisms acting second ell adic cohomology groups attached elliptic surfaces kodaira dimensions