Geodesic
Motion and distinguishing number two
Ars Mathematica Contemporanea, Tome 4 (2011) no. 1, pp. 63-72.

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A group A acting faithfully on a finite set X is said to have distinguishing number two if there is a proper subset Y whose (setwise) stabilizer is trivial. The motion of A acting on X is defined as the largest integer k such that all non-trivial elements of A move at least k elements of X. The Motion Lemma of Russell and Sundaram states that if the motion is at least 2 log2|A|, then the action has distinguishing number two. When X is a vector space, group, or map, the Motion Lemma and elementary estimates of the motion together show that in all but finitely many cases, the action of Aut(X) on X has distinguishing number two. A new lower bound for the motion of any transitive action gives similar results for transitive actions with restricted point-stabilizers. As an instance of what can happen with intransitive actions, it is shown that if X is a set of points on a closed surface of genus g, and |X| is sufficiently large with respect to g, then any action on X by a finite group of surface homeomorphisms has distinguishing number two.
DOI : 10.26493/1855-3974.192.531
Keywords: Distinguishing number, group action, stabilizer, motion 
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Marston D. E. Conder; Thomas W. Tucker. Motion and distinguishing number two. Ars Mathematica Contemporanea, Tome 4 (2011) no. 1, pp. 63-72. doi : 10.26493/1855-3974.192.531. http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/articles/10.26493/1855-3974.192.531/

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