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The reception by British and Irish mathematicians of late-eighteenth-century French mathematical analysis, and its applications to astronomy, is here re-examined. The main early British participants were John Robison, John Playfair, Robert Woodhouse, John Toplis, John Brinkley, John West, William Spence, John Herapath, James Ivory, William Wallace, and Mary Somerville. Their activities and publications, and those of some others, are outlined. The reviews of John Playfair and Robert Woodhouse, many little-known, are highlighted. Finally, we discuss why, despite the work of these individuals, reform of British mathematics was at first so slow; and why, in contrast, the eventual modernisation of the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos examinations, following the efforts of Charles Babbage, John Herschel, George Peacock and others, led to rapid improvement.
On examine ici la réception à la fin du dix-huitième siècle, parmi des mathématiciens de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande, de l'analyse mathématique française et de ses applications à astronomie. Les premières contributions britanniques furent celles de John Robison, John Playfair, Robert Woodhouse, John Toplis, John Brinkley, John West, William Spence, John Herapath, James Ivory, William Wallace, et Mary Somerville. Cet article présente leurs activités et leurs publications, ainsi que quelques autres. Les comptes rendus de John Playfair et Robert Woodhouse sont étudiés de près. On analyse enfin les raisons pour lesquelles, en dépit des travaux de ces individus, la réforme des mathématiques en Grande-Bretagne a d'abord été si lente, et pourquoi la réforme du Cambridge Mathematical Tripos, elle, a finalement débouché sur une amélioration rapide.
@article{RHM_2016__22_2_223_0,
author = {Craik, Alex D.D.},
title = {Mathematical analysis and physical astronomy in {Great} {Britain} and {Ireland,} 1790-1831: some new light on the {French} connection},
journal = {Revue d'histoire des math\'ematiques},
pages = {223--294},
publisher = {Soci\'et\'e math\'ematique de France},
volume = {22},
number = {2},
year = {2016},
doi = {10.24033/rhm.195},
language = {en},
url = {http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/articles/10.24033/rhm.195/}
}
TY - JOUR AU - Craik, Alex D.D. TI - Mathematical analysis and physical astronomy in Great Britain and Ireland, 1790-1831: some new light on the French connection JO - Revue d'histoire des mathématiques PY - 2016 SP - 223 EP - 294 VL - 22 IS - 2 PB - Société mathématique de France UR - http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/articles/10.24033/rhm.195/ DO - 10.24033/rhm.195 LA - en ID - RHM_2016__22_2_223_0 ER -
%0 Journal Article %A Craik, Alex D.D. %T Mathematical analysis and physical astronomy in Great Britain and Ireland, 1790-1831: some new light on the French connection %J Revue d'histoire des mathématiques %D 2016 %P 223-294 %V 22 %N 2 %I Société mathématique de France %U http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/articles/10.24033/rhm.195/ %R 10.24033/rhm.195 %G en %F RHM_2016__22_2_223_0
Craik, Alex D.D. Mathematical analysis and physical astronomy in Great Britain and Ireland, 1790-1831: some new light on the French connection. Revue d'histoire des mathématiques, Tome 22 (2016) no. 2, pp. 223-294. doi: 10.24033/rhm.195
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