On a problem by Steklov

Aptekarev, A.¹ ; Denisov, S.² ; Tulyakov, D.¹

¹ Keldysh Institute for Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miusskaya pl. 4, 125047 Moscow, Russia
² Mathematics Department, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 480 Lincoln Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; and Keldysh Institute for Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miusskaya pl. 4, 125047 Moscow, Russia

Journal of the American Mathematical Society, Tome 29 (2016) no. 4, pp. 1117-1165

Résumé

Given any $\delta \in (0,1)$, we define the Steklov class $S_\delta$ to be the set of probability measures $\sigma$ on the unit circle $\mathbb {T}$, such that $\sigma ’(\theta )\geqslant \delta /(2\pi )>0$ for Lebesgue almost every $\theta \in [0,2\pi )$. One can define the orthonormal polynomials $\phi _n(z)$ with respect to $\sigma \in S_\delta$. In this paper, we obtain the sharp estimates on the uniform norms $\|\phi _n\|_{L^\infty (\mathbb T)}$ as $n\to \infty$ which settles a question asked by Steklov in 1921. As an important intermediate step, we consider the following variational problem. Fix $n\in \mathbb N$ and define $M_{n,\delta }=\sup \limits _{\sigma \in S_\delta }\|\phi _n\|_{L^\infty (\mathbb T)}$. Then, we prove \[ C(\delta )\sqrt n M_{n,\delta }\leqslant \sqrt {\frac {n+1}\delta } . \] A new method is developed that can be used to study other important variational problems. For instance, we prove the sharp estimates for the polynomial entropy in the Steklov class.

Détail

DOI : 10.1090/jams/853

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