Rotor-Routing Induces the Only Consistent Sandpile Torsor Structure on Plane Graphs
Forum of Mathematics, Sigma, Tome 11 (2023)

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We make precise and prove a conjecture of Klivans about actions of the sandpile group on spanning trees. More specifically, the conjecture states that there exists a unique ‘suitably nice’ sandpile torsor structure on plane graphs which is induced by rotor-routing.First, we rigorously define a sandpile torsor algorithm (on plane graphs) to be a map which associates each plane graph (i.e., planar graph with an appropriate ribbon structure) with a free transitive action of its sandpile group on its spanning trees. Then, we define a notion of consistency, which requires a torsor algorithm to be preserved with respect to a certain class of contractions and deletions. Using these definitions, we show that the rotor-routing sandpile torsor algorithm is consistent. Furthermore, we demonstrate that there are only three other consistent algorithms on plane graphs, which all have the same structure as rotor-routing.We also define sandpile torsor algorithms on regular matroids and suggest a notion of consistency in this context. We conjecture that the Backman-Baker-Yuen algorithm is consistent, and that there are only three other consistent sandpile torsor algorithms on regular matroids, all with the same structure.
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     author = {Ankan Ganguly and Alex McDonough},
     title = {Rotor-Routing {Induces} the {Only} {Consistent} {Sandpile} {Torsor} {Structure} on {Plane} {Graphs}},
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Ankan Ganguly; Alex McDonough. Rotor-Routing Induces the Only Consistent Sandpile Torsor Structure on Plane Graphs. Forum of Mathematics, Sigma, Tome 11 (2023). doi: 10.1017/fms.2023.77

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