Type Radicals
Glasgow mathematical journal, Tome 9 (1968) no. 1, pp. 22-29

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The lower radical of a module type. For a ring R with unit, the module type t(R) was defined in [6] as follows: t(0) = 0; t(R) = d if every free R-module has invariant rank; t(R) = (c, k) for integers c, k ≧ 1 if every free R-module of rank < c has invariant rank, while a free module of rank h ≧ c has rank h + nk for any integer n ≧ 0. The module types form a lattice under the ordering 0 < (c, k) < d and (c', k') ≦ (c, k) if and only if c ' ≦ c and k' I k. Two of the basic theorems on types are:A. [6; Theorem 2, p. 115] If R → R' is a unit-preserving homomorphism, then t(R')≦ t(R).
Leavitt, W. G. Type Radicals. Glasgow mathematical journal, Tome 9 (1968) no. 1, pp. 22-29. doi: 10.1017/S0017089500000252
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