O the theory of a space brachistochrone

S. O. Gladkov ; S. B. Bogdanova

Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Matematika i mehanika, no. 68 (2020), pp. 53-60

Résumé

In this paper, a solution to the problem of the motion of a brachistochrone in the $n$-dimensional Euclidean space is firstly presented. The very first formulation of the problem in a two-dimensional case was proposed by J. Bernoulli in 1696. It represented an analytical description of the trajectory for the fastest rolling down under gravitational force only. Thereafter, a number of problems devoted to a brachistochrone were considered with account for gravitational forces, dry and viscous drag forces, and a possible variation in the mass of a moving body. Analytical solution to the formulated problem is presented in details by an example of the body moving along a brachistochrone in three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates. The obtained parametric solution is confirmed by a graphical interpretation of the calculated result. The formulated problem is solved for an ideal case when drag forces are neglected. If dry and viscous friction forces are taken into account, the plane shape of the brachistochrone remains the same, while the analysis of the solution becomes more complicated. When, for example, a side air flow is taken into account, the plane curve is replaced by a three-dimensional brachistochrone.

Détail

Keywords: three-dimensional brachistochrone, $n$-dimensional case, functional, extremal.