$D$-meson production at Large Hadron Collider in the Regge limit of QCD

A. V. Karpishkov ; M. A. Nefedov ; V. A. Saleev ; A. V. Shipilova

Journal of Samara State Technical University, Ser. Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Tome 19 (2015) no. 3, pp. 441-461.

Résumé

We study the inclusive production of $D^0$, $D^+$, $D^{\star+}$, and $D_s^+$ mesons in proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron and in proton-proton collisions at LHC at leading order in the parton Reggeization approach endowed with universal fragmentation functions fitted to $e^+e^-$ annihilation data from CERN LEP1. We have described $D$-meson transverse momentum distributions measured in the central region of rapidity by the CDF Collaboration at Tevatron ($|y|1$) and ALICE Collaboration at LHC ($|y|0.5$) within uncertainties and without free parameters, using Kimber-Martin-Ryskin unintegrated gluon distribution function in a proton. The $2\to1$ hard subprocess of gluon production via a fusion of two Reggeized gluons in the PRA framework is proposed for the first time in the case of $D$-meson fragmentation production and proved to be a dominant one. We found our results for $D$-meson central-rapidity production are in the good agreement with experimental data from the LHC and with large-transverse-momenta Tevatron data. The achieved degree of agreement for the LHC exceeds the one obtained by NLO calculations in the conventional collinear parton model and previous LO calculations in $k_T$-factorization without taking into account the $2\to1$ subprocess. The predictions for the $D$-meson production in the central rapidity region for the expected LHC energy of $\sqrt S=14$ TeV are also presented.

Détail

Keywords: quantum chromodynamics, $k_{T}$-factorization, parton reggeization approach, high energy physics, charmed mesons.

Bibliographie

[1] Karpishkov A. V., Saleev V. A., Shipilova A. V., “$D$-meson production at Large Hadron Collider in the Regge limit of QCD”, The 4nd International Conference “Mathematical Physics and its Applications”, Book of Abstracts and Conference Materials, eds. I. V. Volovich; V. P. Radchenko, Samara State Technical Univ., Samara, 2014, 191–192 (In Russian)

[2] Collins J. C., Ellis R. K., “Heavy-quark production in very high energy hadron collisions”, Nucl. Phys. B, 360:1 (1991), 3–30 | DOI

[3] Gribov L. V., Levin E. M., Ryskin M. G., “Semihard processes in QCD”, Phys. Rep., 100:1–2 (1983), 1–150 | DOI

[4] Catani S., Ciafaloni K. M., Hautmann F., “High energy factorization and small-x heavy flavour production”, Nucl. Phys. B, 366:1 (1991), 135–188 | DOI

[5] ALICE Collaboration (Abelev B., et al.), “Measurement of charm production at central rapidity in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt s=7$ TeV”, JHEP, 2012 (2012), 128, arXiv: [hep-ex] 1111.1553 | DOI | Zbl

[6] ALICE Collaboration(Abelev B., et al.), “$D_s^+$ meson production at central rapidity in proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt s=7$ TeV”, Phys. Lett. B, 718:2 (2012), 279–294, arXiv: [hep-ex] 1208.1948 | DOI

[7] CDF II Collaboration (Acosta D., et al.), “Measurement of Prompt Charm Meson Production Cross Sections in $p\bar p$ Collisions at $\sqrt s=1.96$ TeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett., 91:24 (2003), 241804, arXiv: hep-ex/0307080 | DOI

[8] Kramer G., Spiesberger H., “Inclusive $D^*$ production in photon-photon collisions at next-to-leading order QCD”, Eur. Phys. J. C, 22:2 (2001), 289–301, arXiv: hep-ph/0109167 | DOI

[9] Kramer G., Spiesberger H., “Inclusive $D$ production in $\gamma \gamma$ collisions: including the single-resolved contribution with massive quarks”, Eur. Phys. J. C, 28:4 (2003), 495–513, arXiv: hep-ph/0302081 | DOI

[10] Kramer G., Spiesberger H., “Inclusive photoproduction of $D^*$ mesons with massive charm quarks”, Eur. Phys. J. C, 38:3 (2004), 309–318, arXiv: hep-ph/0311062 | DOI

[11] Kniehl B. A., Kramer G., Schienbein I., Spiesberger H., “Inclusive $D^{*\pm}$ production in $p\bar p$ collisions with massive charm quarks”, Phys. Rev. D, 71:1 (2005), 014018, arXiv: hep-ph/0410289 | DOI

[12] Kniehl B. A., Kramer G., Schienbein I., Spiesberger H., “Collinear subtractions in hadroproduction of heavy quarks”, Eur. Phys. J. C, 41:2 (2005), 199–212, arXiv: hep-ph/0502194 | DOI

[13] Cacciari M., Greco M., Nason P., “The $p_T$ spectrum in heavy-flavour hadroproduction”, J. High Energy Phys., 1998:05 (1998), 007, arXiv: hep-ph/9803400 | DOI

[14] Kniehl B. A., Kramer G., “Charmed-hadron fragmentation functions from CERN LEP1 revisited”, Phys. Rev. D, 74:3 (2006), 037502, arXiv: hep-ph/0607306 | DOI

[15] Kniehl B. A., Kramer G., Schienbein I., Spiesberger H., “Reconciling Open-Charm Production at the Fermilab Tevatron with QCD”, Phys. Rev. Let., 96:1 (2006), 012001, arXiv: hep-ph/0508129 | DOI | MR

[16] Kniehl B. A., Kramer G., Schienbein I., Spiesberger H., “Inclusive charmed-meson production at the CERN LHC”, Eur. Phys. J. C, 72:7 (2012), 2082, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1202.0439 | DOI

[17] Gribov V. N., Lipatov L. N., “Deep inelastic $ep$ scattering in perturbation theory”, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys., 15:4 (1972), 438–450

[18] Dokshitser Yu. L., “Calculation of structure functions of deep-inelastic scattering and $e^+e^-$ annihilation by perturbation theory in quantum chromodynamics”, Sov. Phys. JETP, 46:4 (1977), 641–653 http://www.jetp.ac.ru/cgi-bin/dn/e_046_04_0641.pdf

[19] Altarelli G., Parisi G., “Asymptotic freedom in parton language”, Nucl. Phys. B, 126:2 (1977), 298–318 | DOI

[20] OPAL Collaboration (Ackerstaff K., et al.), “Measurement of $\mathrm{ f(c\to D^{*+}X)}$, $\mathrm{ f(b\to D^{*+}X)}$ and $\mathrm{ \Gamma_{c \bar c}/\Gamma_{had}}$ using $\mathrm{ D^{*\pm}}$ mesons”, Eur. Phys. J. C, 1:3 (1998), 439–459 | DOI

[21] OPAL Collaboration(Alexander G., et al.), “A study of charm hadron production in $Z^0 \to c\bar c$ and $Z^0 \to b\bar b$ decays at LEPdecays at LEP”, Z. Phys. C – Particles and Fields, 72:1 (1996), 1–16 | DOI

[22] Cacciari M., and Nason P., “Charm cross sections for the Tevatron Run II”, JHEP, 2003:09 (2003), 006, arXiv: hep-ph/0306212 | DOI

[23] Cacciari M., Frixione S., Houdeau N., Mangano M. L., Nason P., Ridolfi G., “Theoretical predictions for charm and bottom production at the LHC”, JHEP, 2012:10 (2012), 137, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1205.6344 | DOI

[24] Maciuła R., Szczurek A., “Open charm production at the LHC: $k_{t}$-factorization approach”, Phys. Rev. D, 87:9 (2013), 094022, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1301.3033 | DOI

[25] Kniehl B. A., Saleev V. A., Shipilova A. V., Yatsenko E. V., “Single jet and prompt-photon inclusive production with multi-Regge kinematics: From Tevatron to LHC”, Phys. Rev. D, 84:7 (2011), 074017, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1107.1462 | DOI

[26] Nefedov M. A., Saleev V. A., Shipilova A. V., “Dijet azimuthal decorrelations at the LHC in the parton Reggeization approach”, Phys. Rev. D, 87:9 (2013), 094030, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1304.3549 | DOI

[27] Saleev V. A., “Deep inelastic scattering and prompt photon production within the framework of the quark Reggeization hypothesis”, Phys. Rev. D, 78:3 (2008), 034033, arXiv: [hep-ph] 0807.1587 | DOI

[28] Saleev V. A., “Prompt photon photoproduction at HERA within the framework of the quark Reggeization hypothesis”, Phys. Rev. D, 78:11 (2008), 114031, arXiv: [hep-ph] 0812.0946 | DOI

[29] Kniehl B. A., Nefedov M. A., Saleev V. A., “Prompt-photon plus jet associated photoproduction at HERA in the parton Reggeization approach”, Phys. Rev. D, 89:11 (2014), 114016, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1404.3513 | DOI

[30] Nefedov M. A., Nikolaev N. N., Saleev V. A., “Drell-Yan lepton pair production at high energies in the parton Reggeization approach”, Phys. Rev. D, 87:1 (2013), 014022, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1211.5539 | DOI | MR

[31] Kniehl B. A., Saleev V. A., Shipilova A. V., “Inclusive $b$ and $b \bar b$ production with quasi-multi-Regge kinematics at the Tevatron”, Phys. Rev. D, 81:9 (2010), 094010, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1003.0346 | DOI

[32] Saleev V. A., Shipilova A. V., “Inclusive $b$-jet and $b \bar b$-dijet production at the LHC via Reggeized gluons”, Phys. Rev. D, 86:3 (2012), arXiv: [hep-ph] 1201.4640 | DOI

[33] Kniehl B. A., Vasin D. V., Saleev V. A., “Charmonium production at high energy in the $k_T$-factorization approach”, Phys. Rev. D, 73:7 (2006), 074022, arXiv: hep-ph/0602179 | DOI

[34] Kniehl B. A., Saleev V. A., Vasin D. V., “Bottomonium production in the Regge limit of QCD”, Phys. Rev. D, 74:1 (2006), 014024, arXiv: hep-ph/0607254 | DOI | MR

[35] Saleev V. A., Vasin D. V., “Direct $J / \psi$ and $\psi'$ hadroproduction via fragmentation in the collinear parton model and $k_T$-factorization approach”, Phys. Rev. D, 68:11 (2003), 114013, arXiv: hep-ph/0304114 | DOI

[36] Saleev V. A., Vasin D. V., “Hadroproduction of direct $J/\psi$ and $\psi'$ mesons in the fragmentation of gluons and c quarks at high energies”, Phys. Atom. Nucl., 68:1 (2005), 94–103 | DOI

[37] Saleev V. A., Nefedov M. A., Shipilova A. V., “Prompt $J / \psi$ production in the Regge limit of QCD: From the Tevatron to the LHC”, Phys. Rev. D, 85:7 (2012), 074013, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1201.3464 | DOI

[38] Nefedov M. A., Saleev V. A., Shipilova A. V., “Prompt $\Upsilon ( n S )$ production at the LHC in the Regge limit of QCD”, Phys. Rev. D, 88:1 (2013), 014003, arXiv: [hep-ph] 1305.7310 | DOI | MR

[39] Kuraev E. A., Lipatov L. N., Fadin V. S., “Multiregge processes in the Yang-Mills theory”, Sov. Phys. JETP, 44:3 (1976), 443–451 http://www.jetp.ac.ru/cgi-bin/dn/e_044_03_0443.pdf

[40] Balitsky I. I., Lipatov L. N., “The Pomeranchuk Singularity, Process, Theory”, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys., 28 (1978), 822–829

[41] Fadin V. S., Kuraev E. A., Lipatov L. N., “On the Pomeranchuk singularity in asymptotically free theories”, Phys. Lett. B, 60:1 (1975), 50–52 | DOI

[42] Fadin V. S., Fiore R., “Calculation of Reggeon vertices in QCD”, Phys. Rev. D, 64:11 (2001), 114012, arXiv: hep-ph/0107010 | DOI

[43] Lipatov L. N., “Gauge invariant effective action for high energy processes in QCD”, Nucl. Phys. B, 452:1–2 (1995), 369–397, arXiv: hep-ph/9502308 | DOI

[44] Lipatov L. N., Vyazovsky M. I., “Quasi-multi-Regge processes with a quark exchange in the $t$-channel”, Nucl. Phys. B, 597:1–3 (2001), 399–409, arXiv: hep-ph/0009340 | DOI | MR

[45] Antonov E. N., Cherednikov I. O., Kuraev E. A., Lipatov L. N., “Feynman rules for effective Regge action”, Nucl. Phys. B, 721:1–3 (2005), 111–135, arXiv: hep-ph/0411185 | DOI | MR | Zbl

[46] Kimber M. A., Martin A. D., Ryskin M. G., “Unintegrated parton distributions”, Phys. Rev. D, 63:11 (2001), 114027, arXiv: hep-ph/0101348 | DOI

[47] Ciafaloni M., “Coherence effects in initial jets at small $Q^2/s$”, Nucl. Phys. B, 296:1 (1988), 49-74 | DOI

[48] Catani S., Fiorani F., Marchesini G., “QCD coherence in initial state radiation”, Phys. Lett. B, 234:3 (1990), 339–345 | DOI

[49] Catani S., Fiorani F., Marchesini G., “Small-x behaviour of initial state radiation in perturbative QCD”, Nucl. Phys. B, 336:1 (1990), 18–85 | DOI

[50] CDF Collaboration (Abe F., et al.), “$J/\psi$ and $\psi(2S)$ Production in $p\bar p$ Collisions at ${\sqrt s=1.8}$ TeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett., 79:4 (1997), 572 | DOI

[51] CDF Collaboration (Abe F., et al.), “Production of $J/\psi$ Mesons from $\chi_c$ Meson Decays in $p\bar p$ Collisions at $\sqrt s=1.8$ TeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett., 79:4 (1997), 578 | DOI

[52] CDF Collaboration (Affolder T., et al.), “Measurement of $J/\psi$ and $\psi(2S)$ Polarization in $p\bar p$ Collisions at $\sqrt s=1.8$ TeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85:14 (2000), 2886 | DOI

[53] CDF Collaboration (Acosta D., et al.), “Measurement of the $J/\psi$ meson and $b$-hadron production cross sections in $p \bar p$ collisions at $\sqrt s=1960$ GeV”, Phys. Rev. D, 71:3 (2005), 032001, arXiv: hep-ex/0412071 | DOI

[54] CDF Collaboration (Abe F., et al.), “$\Upsilon$ Production in $p\bar p$ Collisions at $\sqrt s =1.8$ TeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett., 75:24 (1995), 4358 | DOI

[55] CDF Collaboration (Acosta D., et al.), “$\Upsilon$ Production and Polarization in $p \bar p$ Collisions at $\sqrt s=1.8$ TeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett., 88:16 (2002), 161802 | DOI

[56] C0 Collaboration (Abazov V. M., et al.), “Measurement of Inclusive Differential Cross Sections for $\Upsilon (1S)$ Production in $p\bar p$ Collisions at $\sqrt s =1.96$ TeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94:23 (2005), 232001, arXiv: ; “Erratum”, Phys. Rev. Lett., 100:4 (2008), 049902 hep-ex/0502030 | DOI | DOI

[57] ATLAS Collaboration (Aad G., et al.), “Measurement of upsilon production in 7 TeV $pp$ collisions at ATLAS”, Phys. Rev. D, 87 (2013), 052004, arXiv: [hep-ex] 1211.7255 | DOI

[58] CMS Collaboration (Khachatryan V., et al.), “Upsilon production cross section in pp collisions at $\sqrt s =7$ TeV”, Phys. Rev. D, 83 (2011), 112004 | DOI

[59] LHCb Collaboration (Aaij R., et al.), “Measurement of $\Upsilon$ production in $pp$ collisions at ${\sqrt s =7}$ TeV”, Eur. Phys. J. C, 72 (2012), 2025, arXiv: [hep-ex] 1202.6579 | DOI

[60] Mele B., Nason P., “The fragmentation function for heavy quarks in QCD”, Nucl. Phys B, 361:3 (1991), 626–644 | DOI | MR

[61] Fadin V. S., Lipatov L. N., “Next-to-leading corrections to the BFKL equation from gluon and quark production”, Nucl. Phys. B, 477:3, 767–805, arXiv: hep-ph/9602287 | DOI