Geodesic
Remote sensing of the Earth by synthetic aperture radar
Učënye zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. Seriâ Fiziko-matematičeskie nauki, Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Fiziko-Matematicheskie Nauki, Tome 160 (2018) no. 1, pp. 25-41
Cet article a éte moissonné depuis la source Math-Net.Ru

Voir la notice du chapitre de livre

A synthetic aperture radar is usually a complex software and hardware system. It allows obtaining images in radio range comparable in resolution with optical systems. The advantage of radio waves is that the images are of high quality, despite cloudiness and dark time. The development of algorithms for such systems is a rather complex process. In this case, mathematical modeling is applied in purpose to reduce costs. In this paper, an overview of the earlier created systems has been provided. We have discussed the methods for calculating the scattered electromagnetic field. We have identified the methods that are most suitable for simulating a synthetic aperture radar. Combination of different approximation methods allows to process large scenes. Various effects that arise upon the propagation of radio waves have been taken into account. We have also described the algorithms for synthesis of radar images. In particular, we have considered the range-migration and time-frequency processing algorithms. We have shown that the frequency-time processing algorithm is preferable for synthesis of radio images in the X-band due to its speed. In opposite, the range-migration effect in P-band is too strong to ignore it. The time-frequency algorithm does not give a focused image with serious artifacts. It is better to use the range-migration algorithm for P-band.
Keywords: synthetic aperture radar, scattering model, math modeling.
Mots-clés : radar images 
@article{UZKU_2018_160_1_a2,
     author = {A. N. Leukhin and V. I. Bezrodnyi and A. A. Voronin},
     title = {Remote sensing of the {Earth} by synthetic aperture radar},
     journal = {U\v{c}\"enye zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. Seri\^a Fiziko-matemati\v{c}eskie nauki},
     pages = {25--41},
     year = {2018},
     volume = {160},
     number = {1},
     language = {ru},
     url = {http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/UZKU_2018_160_1_a2/}
}
TY  - JOUR
AU  - A. N. Leukhin
AU  - V. I. Bezrodnyi
AU  - A. A. Voronin
TI  - Remote sensing of the Earth by synthetic aperture radar
JO  - Učënye zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. Seriâ Fiziko-matematičeskie nauki
PY  - 2018
SP  - 25
EP  - 41
VL  - 160
IS  - 1
UR  - http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/UZKU_2018_160_1_a2/
LA  - ru
ID  - UZKU_2018_160_1_a2
ER  - 
%0 Journal Article
%A A. N. Leukhin
%A V. I. Bezrodnyi
%A A. A. Voronin
%T Remote sensing of the Earth by synthetic aperture radar
%J Učënye zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. Seriâ Fiziko-matematičeskie nauki
%D 2018
%P 25-41
%V 160
%N 1
%U http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/UZKU_2018_160_1_a2/
%G ru
%F UZKU_2018_160_1_a2
A. N. Leukhin; V. I. Bezrodnyi; A. A. Voronin. Remote sensing of the Earth by synthetic aperture radar. Učënye zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. Seriâ Fiziko-matematičeskie nauki, Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Fiziko-Matematicheskie Nauki, Tome 160 (2018) no. 1, pp. 25-41. http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/UZKU_2018_160_1_a2/

[1] Hwang J.-T., Hong S.-Y., Song J.-H., Kwon H.-W., “Radar cross section analysis using physical optics and its applications to marine targets”, J. Appl. Math. Phys., 3:2 (2015), 166–171 | DOI

[2] Rajyalakshmi P., Raju G. S. N., “Characteristics of radar cross section with different objects”, Int. J. Electron. Commun. Eng., 4:2 (2011), 205–216

[3] Sasi Bhushana Rao G., Nambari Swathi, Kota Srikanth, Ranga Rao K. S., “Monostatic radar cross section estimation of missile shaped object using physical optics method”, IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., 225 (2017), Art. 012278, 7 pp. | DOI

[4] Gibson W. C., The Method of Moments in Electromagnetics, Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2007, 288 pp. | MR

[5] Gallagher R. H., Finite Element Analysis. Fundamentals, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1975, 416 pp. | MR | MR

[6] Borzov A. B., Sokolov A. V., Suchkov V. B., “Methods for digital modeling of the radar characteristics of complex objects against the background of natural and anthropogenic objects”, Zh. Radioelektron., 2000, no. 3 Available at: (In Russian) http://jre.cplire.ru/koi/mar00/3/text.html

[7] Borzov A. B., Sokolov A. V., Suchkov V. B., “Digital modeling of input signals of the short-range radiolocation systems from complex radar scenes”, Zh. Radioelektron., 2004, no. 4 Available at: (In Russian) http://jre.cplire.ru/iso/apr04/3/text.html

[8] Suchkov V. B., “The object-oriented method for determining the complex reflection coefficients of the polygonal model of the location object”, Sist. Sredstva Svyazi, Telev. Radioveshchaniya, 2013, no. 1–2, 159–165 (In Russian)

[9] Neronskii L. B., Mikhailov V. F., Bragin I. V., Microwave Equipment for Earth Surface and Atmosphere Remote Sensing: Synthetic Aperture Radars, S.-Peterb. Gos. Univ. Aerokosm. Priborostr., St. Petersburg, 1999, 220 pp. (In Russian)

[10] Chernyi F. B., Radio Waves Distribution, Sov. Radio, Moscow, 1962, 480 pp. (In Russian)

[11] ITU-R Recommendation R.835-5 Reference Standard Atmospheres

[12] Baskakov A. I., Zhutyaeva T. S., Lukashenko Yu. I., Radar Methods for Studying Objects and Media, Akademiya, Moscow, 2011, 380 pp. (In Russian)

[13] Zubkovich S. G., Statistical Characteristics of Radio Signals from the Earth Surface, Sov. Radio, Moscow, 1968, 223 pp. (In Russian)

[14] Rozhentsov A. A., Baev A. A., Naumov A. S., “Estimation of parameters and recognition of images of three-dimensional objects with disordered samples”, Optoelectron. Instrument. Proc., 46:1 (2010), 46–55 | DOI

[15] Shiro E. G., Methods and equipment for digital synthesis of high-quality radar images, Cand. Tech. Sci. Diss., Moscow, 2001, 165 pp. (In Russian)

[16] Shkol'nyi L. A., Tolstov E. F., Detkov A. N., Tonkikh O. A., Tsvetkov O. A., Arkhangel'skii A. S., Radar Systems of Aerial Survey, Interpretation of Radar Images, Izd. VVIA im. Prof. N. E. Zhukovskogo, Moscow, 2008, 531 pp. (In Russian)