Geodesic
A three-phase heuristic for the vehicle fleet and route optimization
Diskretnyj analiz i issledovanie operacij, Tome 22 (2015) no. 6, pp. 55-77

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We consider the applied vehicle routing problem with time windows. Each driver works in a given shift. Each shift has the start, finish and set of pauses which need to be scheduled en route. We introduce the mathematical formulation for this problem in terms of the mixed integer linear programming. In order to tackle large instances, we developed a three-phase local search algorithm with an effective procedure for search in neighbourhoods. Computational experiments for instances from one delivery company have shown the efficiency of the developed algorithm and significant reduction in costs. Tab. 2, ill. 4, bibliogr. 14.
Keywords: vehicle routing, time window, work shift, pause, local search, fleet optimization. 
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     author = {A. V. Khmelev},
     title = {A three-phase heuristic for the vehicle fleet and route optimization},
     journal = {Diskretnyj analiz i issledovanie operacij},
     pages = {55--77},
     publisher = {mathdoc},
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     year = {2015},
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A. V. Khmelev. A three-phase heuristic for the vehicle fleet and route optimization. Diskretnyj analiz i issledovanie operacij, Tome 22 (2015) no. 6, pp. 55-77. http://geodesic.mathdoc.fr/item/DA_2015_22_6_a3/