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Fonts with Complex OpenType Tables
Zpravodaj Československého sdružení uživatelů TeXu, Tome 21 (2011) no. 2-4, pp. 309-332 Cet article a éte moissonné depuis la source Czech Digital Mathematics Library

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The paper presents development of complex OpenType fonts. The sample fonts cover Czech and Georgian handwriting with numerous letter connections. At the beginning, general principles of "advanced typography" are shown - complex metric data represented by OpenType tables (GSUB and GPOS) - and compared them with the ligature and kerning tables in METAFONT. Then the history of the OpenType font production is described - approaches, tools and techniques. Crucial problems, critical barriers, attempts and ways how to reach successful solutions, are discussed and several tools for font creating, testing, debugging and conversions between various text and binary formats are demonstrated. Among these tools are, for example, AFDKO, VOLT, FontForge, TTX, Font-TTF. Their features, advantages, disadvantages, and also cases of possible incompatibilities (or maybe errors) are illustrated. Finally, using the OpenType fonts in the TeX world applications are presented: XeTeX and LuaTeX (ConTeXt MkIV), the programs allowing to read and process OpenType fonts directly.
The paper presents development of complex OpenType fonts. The sample fonts cover Czech and Georgian handwriting with numerous letter connections. At the beginning, general principles of "advanced typography" are shown - complex metric data represented by OpenType tables (GSUB and GPOS) - and compared them with the ligature and kerning tables in METAFONT. Then the history of the OpenType font production is described - approaches, tools and techniques. Crucial problems, critical barriers, attempts and ways how to reach successful solutions, are discussed and several tools for font creating, testing, debugging and conversions between various text and binary formats are demonstrated. Among these tools are, for example, AFDKO, VOLT, FontForge, TTX, Font-TTF. Their features, advantages, disadvantages, and also cases of possible incompatibilities (or maybe errors) are illustrated. Finally, using the OpenType fonts in the TeX world applications are presented: XeTeX and LuaTeX (ConTeXt MkIV), the programs allowing to read and process OpenType fonts directly.
DOI : 10.5300/2011-2-4/309
Keywords: font; font production; Unicode; OpenType; GSUB; GPOS; AFDKO; VOLT; FontForge; TTX; Font-TTF; TeX; METAFONT; TFM; XeTeX; ConTeXt; LuaTeX; font; tvorba fontů; Unicode; OpenType; GSUB; GPOS; AFDKO; VOLT; FontForge; TTX; Font-TTF; TeX; METAFONT; TFM; XeTeX; ConTeXt; LuaTeX 
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Píška, Karel. Fonts with Complex OpenType Tables. Zpravodaj Československého sdružení uživatelů TeXu, Tome 21 (2011) no. 2-4, pp. 309-332. doi: 10.5300/2011-2-4/309

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[2] Olšák, Petr: Psané písmo ze slabikáře. Zpravodaj CSTUG 4(7), pp. 191–197, 1997; petr.olsak.net/ftp/olsak/slabikar; bulletin.cstug.cz/pdf/bul974.pdf; Jiří Žáček, Helena Zmatlíková. Slabikář, Alter, 1996, 2006 (in Czech). | DOI

[3] Píška, Karel: Georgian scripts. TUGboat, 19(3), 1998; http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-3/tb60pisk.pdf

[4] Adobe: OpenType. Adobe: OpenType. http://www.adobe.com/type/opentype/ Microsoft Typography: What is OpenType? http://www.microsoft.com/typography/WhatIsOpenType.mspx

[5] OpenType specification. http://www.microsoft.com/typography/otspec/

[6] Visual OpenType Layout Tool (VOLT). http://www.microsoft.com/typography/VOLT.mspx

[7] OpenType Feature File Specification. http://www.adobe.com/devnet/opentype/afdko/topic_feature_file_syntax.html , http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/opentype/afdko/topic_feature_file_syntax.html

[8] Williams, George: Font creation with FontForge. EuroTEX 2003 Proceedings, TUGboat, 24(3):531–544, 2003; http://fontforge.sourceforge.net

[9] Kew, Jonathan: The XeTeX typesetting system. http://scripts.sil.org/XeTeX , http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/xetexref/XeTeX-reference.pdf

[10] Hosken, Martin: Font-TTF, FontUtils. http://search.cpan.org/~mhosken/ , http://scripts.sil.org/FontUtils

[11] ConTeXt and LuaTeX. http://wiki.contextgarden.net

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